Jeff Hawkins, perhaps best known as the inventor of the PalmPilot, talks about how brain science is going to change computing at TED. This talk is from 2003 and it's a quick (20-minute) introduction to his ideas about neuroscience. He challenges our assumptions about what defines intelligence. As a result, he hopes to bring about a dramatic change in the way we think about the brain.
If the TED primer catches your attention, go watch his recent presentation from the RSA Conference 2008. This talk is longer, has much more detail, and has more of a technical slant. He talks about work being done at his company Numenta to model the brain in software. He also shows some of the amazing results they are getting by applying Hierarchical Temporal Memory.
I added his book, On Intelligence